In the process of metallographic specimen preparation, grinding and polishing of the specimen are essential procedures. After grinding and polishing, the specimen can obtain a mirror-like surface. The P-1B metallographic specimen grinding and polishing machine adopts the latest electronic speed control technology, which can make the speed of the grinding and polishing disc infinitely adjustable between 100-1500r/min. By replacing the metallographic sandpaper and polishing fabric, the grinding and polishing process of the specimen can be completed, showing a wider range of applicability. The single-disc design is small and light. The shell adopts the overall ABS technology, with a novel appearance, and has the characteristics of stable rotation, low noise, easy operation, and high work efficiency. The cooling device can be optionally equipped to cool the specimen during grinding and polishing to prevent the metallographic structure from being damaged due to overheating of the specimen. It is suitable for metallographic laboratories in factories, colleges and universities, and scientific research institutions. It is an excellent equipment for grinding and polishing metallographic specimens.